Posts Tagged ‘land value’

Farmland Attracting Attention

Thursday, June 16th, 2011

Summer is typically a slow time for land sales, with the bulk of auctions and brokered sales occurring in the post-harvest and pre-planting timeframe.  However, as the temperature has risen this summer, so have the number of sales.  Not only are the frequency of sales higher this summer, the prices are hot as well.  There have been reports of multiple sales of over $10,000 per acre, with a recent sale in Champaign Co. bringing $13,500 per acre.

As we have discussed here before, it is a combination of factors currently driving the market.  Corn and bean prices, while having cooled off in the last week or so, are still hovering around historically high levels.  For the farmers that have dodged the severe weather so far this year, they are shaping up to have a very profitable 2011 crop year – meaning they will have money to reinvest in their operation.  Investors, whether it be a hedge fund, a pension, or in individual, are looking to farmland as a safe, reliable place to park money and still get a respectable return.  Even with the number of sales picking up, there remains a lack of overall supply of available farms.  Low supply, combined with the high demand from the previously mentioned buyer groups, is  advancing the farmland market at a rapid pace.

One can only speculate how long this bull market will last.  It seems that with the ever-increasing worldwide demand for food (and U.S. crops) the underlying fundamentals appear strong to keep corn and bean prices around their current levels for the foreseeable future.  As long as this is the case, there is going to be opportunities to make money in agriculture, which will continue to fuel the farmland market.

Want to read more on this topic?  Take a moment to read a recent article in Time –  America’s Hottest New Investment: Farmland

The Impact of Higher Farmland Values on Real Estate Taxes

Friday, May 13th, 2011

Amongst all the euphoria surrounding the recent jump in farmland prices, there’s one issue that is just starting to be debated… if and how corresponding real estate taxes should be increased to recognize the higher values.  You may think that this isn’t even an issue in your state – there’s already a formula that addresses how much assessed values can change from year to year.  But let’s take a quick look at the big picture across most of the Midwest.  First, the majority of school, local, and county municipalities (the final destination for real estate taxes) are having trouble balancing their budgets.  Second, true valuations for residential, commercial, and industrial properties have fallen the past few years and in some cases the decrease has been dramatic (and I don’t think it would be financially or politically expedient to raise taxes on home owners who are struggling to make their mortgage payments).   And finally, farmland valuations have increased dramatically (primarily as a result of record profitability).  Hmmm, call me a cynic but it wouldn’t surprise me if some politicians begin calling for farmland owners to start shouldering more of the tax burden.

Iowa is beginning to address this very issue and a recent article in the Des Moines Register (Property Tax Bill’s Later Impact Fuels Debate) provides an overview.  This is one fight that will not be pleasant as government officials know that have to generate more revenue (O.K., they could also cut spending but that’s a different discussion).  And as we’ve seen across all levels of government, there is no law/rule/formula that can’t be revised, especially if they can frame the argument as being “in the best interest” of the public.  Regardless, I think farmland owners should start preparing themselves for what’s to come.

Dividing The Farm

Friday, May 6th, 2011

It’s an unfortunate fact, but a sizable amount of our business is a result of death.  A family member passes away and they leave their farmland to their family members, but what happens next?  Some  family members may want to keep the land and rent it out, while others may want to liquidate the asset and reinvest their money elsewhere.  More often than not, the more decision makers involved, the more difficult it gets to agree on the “right” answer.  A recent article on DTN/Progressive Farmers takeds a look at this topic (Land Bump Makes Buyouts More Challenging) and touches on some of the challenges that landowners might face.  If everyone is on the same page with selling, it is just a matter of selling the farm and dividing the sale proceeds.  Where it can be more difficult is if some may want to sell, while others don’t.  And in the case the article describes, if one of the landowners is also the farm operator, things can get even more tricky.  The truth is that there is no boiler plate formula for how to come to a fair decision amongst family members.  The author offers some good suggestions, including coming to terms on exit strategies in advance to minimize the headaches when the ground is ultimately inherited.

Iowa Land Value Survey Results

Friday, April 1st, 2011

Last week, we reported on recent trends in the Illinois farmland market.  This week, we want to take a look at the picture in Iowa.  As you might expect, values in the Hawkeye state have moved sharply higher the past 12 months.  A recent article by Dan Piller in the Des Moines Register (IA Farmland Values Jump 24% in Last Year) provides a good analysis of what has happened and why.

There were a few things in the article that I found interesting…

1. Though the market has risen by 24% the past 12 months, much of this increase has only taken place in the last 6 (19.7%). 

2. Despite high grain prices, the areas showing the biggest gains in IA were the livestock heavy regions.  Yes, feed costs are higher but these have been offset by higher meat prices.  Both the hog and cattle industries were profitable in 2010 - the first time in four years.

3. More that 70% of recent land sales in IA were to neighboring farmers.  This contradicts the argument that “outside money” has been a major force.

4. Perhaps the most comforting comment in the article, at least for the long-term health of the land market… Iowa banks have reported generally flat demand for agricultural loans as cash-rich farmers write checks for land and equipment rather than taking out loans

The debate on how long this land price surge can continue is on-going.  That said, if the March 31 USDA crop reports are any indication (corn is much higher as I type this article) then the land market should continue strong for the foreseeable future.

Land Values Continue To Rise

Friday, March 25th, 2011

We recently had the opportunity to attend the Illinois Land Values Conference in Bloomington where participants discussed the last 12 months of trends in farmland values and leases.  Needless to say, with some of the sales that have been occurring lately, there was plenty to talk about!  According to the research, good-quality Central Illinois farmland increased 22% since last year’s report.  Keep in mind that that doesn’t include some of the more recent sales data that we have seen over the last 4-6 weeks.  In some areas, there have been reports of sales being 25 – 35% higher than a year ago.  In Southern Illinois, prices of good-quality farmland have risen by as much as 33% and in Northern Illinois as much as 18%.

What is driving the market right now?  The conclusions reached at the Land Values Conference are similar to what we have seen: 1) Farmers will be able to sell their grain at a high price this fall and are penciling in strong profits.  In our experience, farmers typically reinvest their profits back into their operation (i.e., buy more farm ground), as opposed to stocks, bonds, etc.  2) Interest rates remain relatively low and financing is readily available to farmland buyers who need it.  3) Investors, both individual and larger institutional buyers, view farmland as a stable investment that they can use to diversify their portfolios and receive a steady annual income off of.

So what is farmland worth in today’s market?  It is a bit of a moving target, but the simple answer is, “More than it was a year ago”.  In a recent DTN-Progressive Farmer article (Land Prices Soar in Seller’s Market), 1st Farm Credit Services appraiser Charles Knudson is quoted as saying he is appraising farmland at 4% monthly gains at the moment in his area.  It is important to remember that the overall farmland market is still very much a group of localized smaller markets.  A farm that sells for $10,000 per acre may only be a few miles from a farm that sells for $8,000 per acre…and both farms may have been sold for their maximum value.  While location is one of the biggest factors in determining the value of a piece of property, it is not the only one.  Do your homework on recent sales and see how they stack up to yours in terms of soil quality, drainage, fertility, access, eye-appeal, etc.