Archive for July, 2011

Farm Lease Termination

Friday, July 29th, 2011

Are you considering selling your farm between now and spring 2012?  Or maybe you are thinking of altering your current farm lease to take advantage of the high commodity prices?  If so, we would recommend formally terminating your lease.  Why is this important?  To ensure the highest sale price, you will want to have all possible buyer groups be interested in the farm, including farmers, who have been key players in driving some of the high sale prices we have recently seen.  When a farmer buys a property, he wants to actually farm it – not be a landlord and watch someone else do the work.  With a lease in place on a farm for sale, farmers will typically have less interest and/or discount the price they are willing to give.  Either way, if the sale of your farm before next spring is a possibility, it is recommended that you look into lease termination.  Not doing so could potentially cost a seller thousands of dollars in a lower sales price.

What many landowners don’t realize is that terminating a lease is not as easy as just calling up their tenant and having a conversation.  Each state has its own guidelines for properly terminating a lease agreement.  Don’t follow the correct steps, or don’t do it in a timely manner, and it’s like you never did it at all.   For example, In Illinois a tenant must be notified in writing no later than 120 days before the end of the current lease and this notification must be delivered by certified mail.  If you have specific questions on proper lease termination for your farm, it’s recommended that you consult with your attorney or an agricultural land professional.

Non-Farmers Still Buying Land

Wednesday, July 20th, 2011

Though much has been written about how active farmers have been in the land market lately, investors have also been participating in the buying frenzy.  A recent article by Associated Press writer Bernard Condon (Down on the Farm, Investors See Big Potential) describes the attraction to agricultural properties by the non-farmer. 

These new buyers aren’t the big institutional funds that many fear.  Instead, they’re individual investors who have been described as “gentlemen farmers” in the media, though perhaps something worse by the farmers they’re competing with to buy land.  Many have no ties to farming and still don’t like getting their hands dirty.  But they do have money and the belief that an investment in the food chain is a good long-term bet.

Is the influx of new money into land simply a short term phenomenon? Perhaps, but I think many of these buyers are pretty astute investors and are not simply looking to buy a farm and then flip it for a quick profit.  From a practical standpoint, they really don’t comprise a very big part of the demand for land so they likely won’t have a very big impact on the market as a whole.  And as much as many farmers dislike any outside money competing for land, this outside capital can be critically important to the farmers who must rent land because they don’t have the financial resources to buy it.

A Look At The Recreational Land Market

Thursday, July 14th, 2011

About 7-8 years ago we watched the recreational land market explode.  It seemed as if everyone wanted to own 40 acres of timber in the middle of nowhere to hunt, fish, camp, bird watch, etc.  In some areas of the Midwest, wooded acreage was outselling tillable acreage.  Imagine that – a parcel of land that returns nothing outselling a piece of ground across the road boasting a solid return .  The market wasn’t driven on dollars and cents (and some people may throw sense in there too).  It was driven by the desire of people located in and near metropolitan areas to have a place to escape to out in the country.  We routinely fielded calls from buyers that would travel as far as 3-4 hours from Chicago and St. Louis to find that perfect spot.

Around 2007 or 2008, the recreational market began to lose steam.  So what happened?  It all comes back to the supply and demand curve.  Once “recreational land” became the flavor of the day, every landowner believed that the small patch of timber they had always valued at zero was worth more than their farmground.  As supply (and listing prices) surged and more and more marginal recreational properties came on the market, the momentum started to shift to the buyer’s side.  All of a sudden, a recreational land buyer might have two dozen pieces of timber to choose from in the same county.  And unlike farmland, which can be compared by using soil types, fertility and yield histories, recreational ground can’t always be compared objectively.  When every landwoner claims that “My property is loaded with deer and turkey!  It’s the best hunting around!”, it’s hard to prove, or disprove, that kind of claim.  In the late summer of 2008, while the market was already slipping due to too many properties for sale, the economy crashed and took what remained of the recreational market with it.  Gone were the buyers using discretionary income to buy their dream vacation spot.  Many of these people shifted their focus from buying land to trying to hold onto their job and pay their bills.  In many areas, the recreational market dropped by 50 – 60% in what seemed like overnight.

However, over the last 8 to 10 months, the recreational market has seemed to pick up some traction. While we are nowhere near the highs that a lot of areas saw back in the early to mid 2000’s, buyers are starting to look again.  With the supply of available land much lower, there is just enough competition to breathe some life into this market.  So, if you have been sitting on the sidelines waiting to see what is going to happen, it may not hurt to see where the market is at in your area.  As with farmland, houses, etc., every market in every region is different.  In the more popular hunting areas, the market for recreational land has come back significantly.  In other, less popular areas, it may be taking a little more time.

Determining Historic Land Valuations

Sunday, July 10th, 2011

I recently had a client ask me what his farm might have been worth… in July, 1990.  In Illinois, and many other states, getting current land sales data is not that difficult – simply check the courthouse.  However, trying to find comparable sales from 21 years ago can be a challenge.  Few lenders or courthouses retain this old of information, or if you can find it, it might be cost prohibitive. 

Fortunately, the University of Illinois has developed a system (Index Numbers of Illinois Farmland Values) that landowners can use as a guide.  Using USDA information, the formula utilizes a base index number from 1979 (100) and then adds or subtracts from the base each year to reflect whether land prices have gone up or down.  Is this system 100% accurate?  Probably not… the index is an average for the entire state and not for a specific county or township, and it doesn’t factor in what improvements may have been, or are currently, on the parcel. But many attorneys and other professionals find this methodology unbiased and in the absence of any other hard data, they can utilize the system to help determine the value of a property from years ago.

I would suggest using this index cautiously, especially if comparable sale information is available to use.  But if lacking good comps, this formula may be quite helpful in determining historic land valuations.

Recent USDA Crop Report

Friday, July 1st, 2011

On Thursday morning, the USDA released their summer crop report, including the number everyone was waiting to see – planted corn acres.  The USDA’s estimate of 92.3 million acres of corn is up 5% from 2010.  On this news of higher corn acres, the corn market lost a lot of the momentum that it had built up earlier this week.  How will this affect the farmland market, which has benefiting from higher grain prices in 2011?  For right now, probably not a whole lot.  While it is true that corn and bean prices have both taken us on a roller coaster ride the last 6-8 months, and it wasn’t more than a month ago we were looking at close to $8 corn, there is still good (to really good) money to be made in farming at $6+ corn.  Also, farmers, lenders, and investors across the Midwest have told us a similar story – There are a lot of buyers with buckets of cash on hand ready to jump on a farm sale when one becomes available in their particular area.  It will also be important to keep an eye on how harvest shapes up.  While there may be a lot of corn planted, that doesn’t always translate into a successful harvest.  Many areas across the Midwest have seen as much or more replanting this summer because of water issues than they have seen in a long time.  Read more about the crop report on the Des Moines Register site  (Corn Plunges on “Shocking” USDA Report)